RIAA Curves were discussed in detail in Keith Howard's 2009 Stereophile article "Cut and Thrust: RIAA LP Equalization."
In an ideal world, lacquer cutting would be done such that all frequencies take up the same amount of space. That way, all the grooves could be made to be an optimal size so that neither lows nor highs suffer from avoidable cutting-induced distortion—hence the idea of reducing bass and increasing the treble when the record is cut.
Like most (but not all) phono cartridges, a cutter head is a…