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http://www.vacuumtubes.net/How_Vacuum_Tubes_Work.htm
http://www.lh-electric.4t.com/tutorials.htm
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/singleendedtriodes/
http://www.symphonysound.com/articles/tubefriendly.html
https://www.tubeworld.com/index_low.htm
http://hktubeaudio.homestead.com/files/tubecode.html
http://www.duncanamps.com/
Tubes last as long as tubes last. Different tubes in different circuits have a longer or shorter lifespan. Unless the component has a soft start facility the full, sudden surge of voltage at turn on is always the hardest on a tube and will shorten its lifespan.
http://ken-gilbert.com/vacuum-tube-faq
http://www.ultrajosh.com/tubeamp/
http://www.vacuumtube.com/tubes.htm
http://www.vintagetubeservices.com/
http://www.tubedepot.com/
http://www.tubedepot.com/whisbipo.html
and most importantly ...
http://www.worldtubeaudio.com/
I had a simple EL34 based integrated amp I bought in 1996...I listened to it about 10 hours a week until the first tube began to fail in 2008...
My new amp uses KT88's...I had one fail 6 months after I bought that amp...